Sumerian is a turkic language 160 years of research articles and books last update. Albeit the genetic affinity of the sumerian language is still lacking consensus, some vocabulary related to sumerian may be found from various language families including indoeuropean, kartvelian, semitic, dravidian and uralic. Ancient history encyclopedia receives a small commission for each book sold through our affiliate partners. Gabor takacs new multivolume etymological dictionary of egyptian now to appear at regular intervals of about 1218 months will be a hallmark in egyptian and afroasiatic linguistics.
Due attention is given to the symbiosis with semitic akkadian, with which sumerian was to form a veritable. The oxford english dictionary records the earliest usages of cannabis meaning the plant common hemp cannabis sativa in 1548, and meaning parts of the plant smoked, chewed, or drunk for their intoxicating or hallucinogenic properties in 1848. Anu the supreme god of heaven, enlil god of water, and ea god of magic were among the gods most worshipped by the sumerians. A logogram is a reading of a cuneiform sign which represents a word in the spoken language. Sumerian cuneiform english dictionary 120ct 26i14 pdf. A descriptive grammar of sumerian universiteit leiden. Etymological study of semitic languages arabic and hebrew 12 scholars affected with the islamic point of views, for them arabic which is the language of holy quran is origin for all other semitic languages, so in their studies they considered arabic as the oldest language in the semitic languages. Join phoeniciaorg twitter for alerts on new articles. Simo parpolas etymological dictionary of the sumerian.
Its analogous to saying that cyrillic is a language. The hamito semitic etymological dictionary, a project in the making since 1986, is the first dictionary to reflect the vocabulary of the extinct protohamito semitic protoafroasiatic language. Sumerian into the old babylonian period, when akkadian itself acquired this contrast again. Halloran the following lexicon contains 1,255 sumerian logogram words and 2,511 sumerian compound words.
Sumerian etymology is a problematic field due to the well known. Breaking the grounds for an etymological dictionary of arabic. Starostins method in glottochronology see starostin 2000 requires a thorough etymological analysis to detect and eliminate loanwords from the scores. The following sumerianhunnichungarian etymologies are based on my two basic works, the edh etymological dictionary of hungarian, 5 vols. Third addendum to etymological dictionary of hungarian edh. It is possible that, in some cases, i have provided a sumerian etymology for what is actually a loanword from another language. The semitic group we call the akkadians moved into southern mesopotamia during the early part of the third millennium and gained political control of this area which appears to have been under the control of people who spoke sumerian, a non semitic language. Hamito semitic etymological dictionary index of meanings. Etymological dictionary of the sumerian language book book details. The mugsar is the only standalone sumerian cuneiform dictionary for the founders of educaton, including the etymology of the word itself, 5000 years ago, in the world. Etymological dictionary of the sumerian language book. Several names, for example, have been reinterpreted in sumerian by popular etymology. The sumerian gods personified local elements and natural forces. Transcriptions of texts often contain the short forms, however, because sumerologists try to accurately represent.
Living along the valleys of the tigris and euphrates, sumerian farmers were able to grow an abundance of. The oed traces the etymology to the new latin botanical term cannabis proposed in 1728 and standardized in carl linnaeuss. Sumerian dictionary every letter must be pronounced. Sumerian uruk warka iv and jemdet nasr cultures and dates from the 6th millennium b. A comparitive semitic lexicon of the phoenician and punic. This could not have happened without native speakers keeping the contrast alive. Ir 15 native tongue is the language of ancient sumer and a language isolate that was spoken in mesopotamia modernday iraq and in syria. Publication date 201007 usage public domain mark 1. The following sumerian hunnichungarian etymologies are based on my two basic works, the edh etymological dictionary of hungarian, 5 vols. The american heritage dictionary semitic roots appendix the letter.
Etymologies are a normal part of dictionary making, but etymologies are also the most subject to speculation. In addition, we are developing tools and datasets for working with the sumerian language and its textcorpora. Jan 04, 2016 pennsylvania sumerian dictionary on the. Welcome to the website of the pennsylvania sumerian dictionary project psd. The common mesopotamian substrate of hungarian and. The psd is preparing an exhaustive dictionary of the sumerian language which aims to be useful to nonspecialists as well as sumerologists. This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title sumerian. This is a list of english words of semitic origin other than those solely of arabic origin or hebrew origin most of these words are found in ancient greek writings, with the greek word believed today to have come from a semitic source. Upon completing this introduction, the student will be well prepared to progress to sign learning and reading of texts. Publication date 1923 topics sumerian language texts publisher. Kleins manuscript of the hebrew etymological dictionary.
Breaking the grounds for an etymological dictionary of arabic language and culture edalc stephan guth institutt for kulturstudier og orientalske sprak ikos, oslo esf exploratory workshop university of oslo june 2223, 20. Two addenda to etymological dictionary of hungarian edh, and on april. Are sumerian, cuneiform and akkadian considered semitic. Sumerian cuneiform english dictionary 120ct mugsar 26i14 pdf. Due to this lexicons etymological orientation, you will usually find a word listed under its fullest phonetic form. Appendix ii semitic roots american heritage dictionary. It is the highest academic declaration in the 21st century stating that sumerian is not a language isolate.
If sumerian had been a dead language in the ur iii period, sumerian s and s would have fallen together just as in akkadian. The epochal mugsar is the only standalone online sumerian cuneiform dictionary in the world for the founders of education only it can ride the coattails of civilizaton time, immortalizing supporters along the way. Instead, several common dictionaries occasionally note the era in which a word emerged however, without reference, but mostly, small booklets, compilations and individual research studies offer. This is the introductory volume to the first dictionary on the etymological relations between ancient egyptian and other afroasiatic languages. Sumerian cuneiform english dictionary 120ct 26i14 pdf by peter hogan, tara hogan. Online etymology dictionary origin, history and meaning. This etymological dictionary brings together the lexical evidence associating sumerian with the uralic family, along with comparative data from five other language families indoeuropean, altaic, kartvelian, elamitedravidian and afroasiatic. Raetic an extinct semitic language in central europe. In the first two chapters of turkish and mongolian studies, royal asiatic society prize publication fund, vol. Etymological dictionary of the armenian inherited lexicon. Hamitosemitic etymological dictionary index of meanings.
During the 3rd millennium bc, an intimate cultural symbiosis developed between the sumerians and the semiticspeaking akkadians, which included widespread bilingualism. Classical etymology, the etymological studies suggested. Dictionaries and lexicographical works used for individual languages and language. Download the sumerian lexicon as an adobe acrobat pdf file. For more information about this section, please refer to the guide to the semitic roots appendix. Sumerian and of akkadian words which occur as elements in proper names in either. Compared with my previous paper dealing with the same 34 first items of the list mil. This etymological dictionary of hungarian for which i propose the abbreviation edh is based on the assumption that the hungarian magyar language is the direct successor of sumerian. The sumerians held the belief that a sacred ritual marriage between the ruler and inanna, goddess of love and fertility, brought rich harvests. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. A complete etymology based hundred wordlist of semitic updated 45 with explicit etymologies based on a clear and complete set of regular sound correspondences, at least in the area of consonantism. Russian academy press vostochnaya literatura, page 429.
From proto semitic wrd to be lead, to descend, to be taken down from a place, corroborated by originally being written with the sumerian kur, highland, foreign country ending, the sumerian term being likely derived from an akkadian borrowing. Simo parpolas etymological dictionary of the sumerian language published after many unsuccessful attempts to establish its linguistic affinity, sumerian is nowadays widely considered a language isolate without any known relatives. Etymological study of semitic languages arabic and hebrew 67 idea of redness. The sumerian dictionary of the university museum of the university of pennsylvania. If the inline pdf is not rendering correctly, you can download the pdf file here.
Xx, london, 1962 hereafter referred to as studies, i gave a brief sketch of the history of the turkish peoples and of their languages from the earliest period. The transliteration rules of semitic words in this dictionary follow that of hebrew and. Really interesting schumachers confession about his scholarship gets therefore, because he wanted to disprove the semitic origin of raetic with lichtenthals money, and really unscientific his confession gets, when he does not even cite lichtenthal in his. A comparison of the harappan signs, brahmi and vai writings showed that the. An etymological dictionary of arabic peyman mikaili iranian academy of sciences, teheran, ir. In torah dictionary, it is a primary level of thought assembling as the offspringprojections of elohim. The common mesopotamian substrate of hungarian and basque by prof. A comparitive semitic lexicon of the phoenician and punic languages by dr. Once the seals were broken down into their syllabic values, we only had to determine if the harappan term was a monosyllabic word, or if it was a term that was made up of only one syllable35. Konrad volks a sumerian reader studia pohl series maior 18, rome, 1997 is a good beginning. Sumerian grammar bibliography compiled by carsten peust, 2017 intended to be complete from 1970 on, selective prior to that date. Mugsar makes amazon top 5 check out the mugsar competing with rich corporates top 5 26v18 at amazon best sellers teen and young adult reference no. The glossary con tains words collected for the use of the assyrian dictionary, ordered.
Pdf akkadian loanwords in sumerian revised vladimir. The work on semitic etymologies, begun by sachs, was concluded by salonen. Please help out and add a definition, then remove the text rfdef. Vowels a as in father e as in whey i as in antique o as in boat but rarely found u as in zulu consonants most consonants are basically the same as in english. A complete etymologybased hundred wordlist of semitic. The american heritage dictionary semitic roots appendix. Sumerian and semitic religious and historical texts by langdon, stephen, 18761937. Both sumerian and akkadian were written with cuneiform. Sir gerard clauson an etymological dictionary of prethirteenthcentury turkish ascii text pages i xxxi preface. Compare our world ranking already without any funding at academia. Proto semitic language and culture excellent article by john huehnergard web site of the late l. In later periods this word etymology unknown, which is also found in divine names such as enlil and enki, has a predominantly religious connotation that is translated, for want of a better designation, as enpriest, enpriestess.
A comparative semitic lexicon of phoenician and punic and an online dictionary. Breaking the grounds for an etymological dictionary of. Sumerian, hungarian and mongolian including avaric by prof. This is a first in the world in terms of scope and seems to be a very important and groundbreaking book. The online etymology dictionary is the internets goto source for quick and reliable accounts of the origin and history of english words, phrases, and idioms. Where the language contacts with semitic languages are well studied. Richard tomback and phoenician dictionary online click for mobile version en.
Sumerian vocabulary can be identified from various languages such as. No serious etymological or dialectological investigation can be undertaken without recurring to hab. Orelstolbova, hamitosemitic etymological dictionary 1995. Hamitosemitic etymological dictionary materials for a. Sumerian and semitic religious and historical texts.
Vocabulary studies are not normally included, with some exceptions for highly grammaticalized words. The site has become a favorite resource of teachers of reading, spelling, and english as a second language. Dolgopolskys nostratic dictionary and afroasiatic semitohamitic the monumental comparative dictionary by aharon dolgopolsky prof. Civil 1967 daniel a foxvog lecturer in assyriology retired university of california at berkeley revised january 2016 not for citation a glossary suitable for the first several years of instruction, with emphasis. In sumerianakkadian lexical lists, the word giserru where gis is the.
Raetic is western semitic, more exactly identical with biblical hebrew and ugaritic. In order to minimize downloads of this large file, once you have it, please use your acrobat reader to save it and retrieve it to and from your own desktop. By purchasing books through this website, you support our nonprofit organization. Jan 04, 2016 panion elementary sumerian glossary or a modern substitute such as the online pennsylvania sumerian dictionary.
Reconstructed on the basis of semitic, ancient egyptian, berber, chadic and cushitic linguistic groups, the dictionary plays an indispensable role in further research into the field of historical. Where the semitic contacts are well attested, contacts to other families have often regarded controversial. It would be nice if mugsars home could be our local university of nsw, with affiliation to a high school where tara might be going 2015year 7 like sydney girls or randwick girls. It is professional enough to satisfy academic standards, but accessible enough to be used by anyone.